Intro to Form & Texture
Brett (:29/2:55) A,A' B A A'
Adele (A B, A B)
UpTown (1)
UpTown (2)
(sidetrack: BillyJ-classic) (25)
Willie (A,A', B A,A') (B-1:56)
_________________________________________________________________________________
Brett (:29/2:55) A,A' B A A'
Adele (A B, A B)
UpTown (1)
UpTown (2)
(sidetrack: BillyJ-classic) (25)
Willie (A,A', B A,A') (B-1:56)
_________________________________________________________________________________
Lecture #6: Form & Texture
Lecture #3--Form & Texture
Musical FORM
CLICK on the photo of music to hear Mozart's variations on Twinkle Twinkle Little Star.
CLICK photo above for another example of ABA (and another Twinkle Twinkle)
CLICK on the photo above to hear John Williams "Raider's March" (rondo form)
Musical Form
If we label our musical ideas or sections with the letters of the alphabet we can show how musical forms.
Any single section of music, consisting of phrases or other musical sections, we can call A.
This musical section can be repeated to create an AA form.
If we instead chose to add a new section, B, we would have the musical form AB.
This would be two contrasting musical sections.
If we chose to add another A to an AB form, but this time with variation we would have the form ABA'. (The ' is used to indicate variation).
With the processes of repetition, contrast and variation there can be many musical forms.
Some Common Musical Forms:
If we label our musical ideas or sections with the letters of the alphabet we can show how musical forms.
Any single section of music, consisting of phrases or other musical sections, we can call A.
This musical section can be repeated to create an AA form.
If we instead chose to add a new section, B, we would have the musical form AB.
This would be two contrasting musical sections.
If we chose to add another A to an AB form, but this time with variation we would have the form ABA'. (The ' is used to indicate variation).
With the processes of repetition, contrast and variation there can be many musical forms.
Some Common Musical Forms:
- Ternary - ABA
- Strophic - AAA, etc. (often verse1/refrain/verse2/refrain/verse3/refrain etc. as in hymns)
- Binary - AB (a two part composition)
- Rondo - ABACADAE
- Theme and Variation
- Sonata Form - Exposition: (Theme 1 then Theme 2) --- Development --- Recapitulation
AA (also Strophic: A = ab)
Per natus in Bethlehem (1582)
I Walk the Line
In the Sweet By and By (Dolly Parton)
Binary AB
Greensleeves
Ternary ABA
Chopin Mazurak (No. 24 in C major, Op.33)
Deep River Paul Robeson
ABAB...coda
Jude
Rondo ABACAD....
Beethoven's "Pathetique" sonata (Rondo.Allegro)
Theme and Variation
Mozart's 12 Variation on "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star"
Sonata Form
Per natus in Bethlehem (1582)
I Walk the Line
In the Sweet By and By (Dolly Parton)
Binary AB
Greensleeves
Ternary ABA
Chopin Mazurak (No. 24 in C major, Op.33)
Deep River Paul Robeson
ABAB...coda
Jude
Rondo ABACAD....
Beethoven's "Pathetique" sonata (Rondo.Allegro)
Theme and Variation
Mozart's 12 Variation on "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star"
Sonata Form
Sonata Form Exposition:
FIRST: Theme 1 then Theme 2
SECOND: Development of Theme 1 and 2
THIRD: Recapitulation-Theme 1 and 2 again
Mozart's Symphony No. 40
1st Mvt.
________________________________________________________________________________________
In-class Quiz
Clock the As and Bs of Handel's "See, the conquering hero comes"
_________________________________________________________________________________________
FIRST: Theme 1 then Theme 2
SECOND: Development of Theme 1 and 2
THIRD: Recapitulation-Theme 1 and 2 again
Mozart's Symphony No. 40
1st Mvt.
________________________________________________________________________________________
In-class Quiz
Clock the As and Bs of Handel's "See, the conquering hero comes"
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Three Textures:
monophonic, polyphony, homophonic
______________________________________________________________
monophonic, polyphony, homophonic
______________________________________________________________
1.Monophonic
a single melody without harmony or accompaniment such as chant
(also know as plainchant)
+Monophonic Example #1 Chant Gregorian Chants from Assisi
+Monophonic Example #2 Monophonic/Acapella Amazing Grace Rimes
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2.Polyphonic
two or more independent melodies played or sung together to create harmony
+Polyphonic Example #1 Are You Sleeping
+Polyphonic Example #2 Row, Row, Row
two or more independent melodies played or sung together to create harmony
+Polyphonic Example #1 Are You Sleeping
+Polyphonic Example #2 Row, Row, Row
PALISTRINA
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
+Polyphonic Example #3 Sicut cervus
The text is taken from the latin of Psalm 42, which is commonly translated
"As the hart longs [for running water, So longs my soul for you, O God]"
Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
+Polyphonic Example #3 Sicut cervus
The text is taken from the latin of Psalm 42, which is commonly translated
"As the hart longs [for running water, So longs my soul for you, O God]"
www.youtube.com/watch?v=1nzF-_PNVuk J.S. BACH
+Polyphonic Example #4 Two-Part Invention #1, C Major
Polyphonic Example #5: Dona nobis pacem (Mozart?)
+Polyphonic Example #5 Dona nobis pacem, Mass in B minor
"Dona nobis pacem" from the Mass means "grant us Thy peace"
________________________________________________________________________________________
+Polyphonic Example #4 Two-Part Invention #1, C Major
Polyphonic Example #5: Dona nobis pacem (Mozart?)
+Polyphonic Example #5 Dona nobis pacem, Mass in B minor
"Dona nobis pacem" from the Mass means "grant us Thy peace"
________________________________________________________________________________________
3.Homophonic
A single melodic line (tune) with the addition of harmonic accompaniment. Example: Solo singer and band or orchestra. The singer provides the melody or tune and the band or orchestra provides the harmonic accompaniment. Of the three forms discussed here (Monophonic, Polyphonic and Homophonic) homophonic is the most used/popular.
+Homophonic Example #1 Scott Joplin's Peacherine Rag
+Homophonic Example #2 R.E.M.'s The One I Love
+Homophonic Example #3 Mancini's Theme from Romeo and Juliet ("A Time for Us")
+Homophonic Example #4 Star Spangled Banner at Super Bowl XXV (Whitney Houston) (start :50)
A single melodic line (tune) with the addition of harmonic accompaniment. Example: Solo singer and band or orchestra. The singer provides the melody or tune and the band or orchestra provides the harmonic accompaniment. Of the three forms discussed here (Monophonic, Polyphonic and Homophonic) homophonic is the most used/popular.
+Homophonic Example #1 Scott Joplin's Peacherine Rag
+Homophonic Example #2 R.E.M.'s The One I Love
+Homophonic Example #3 Mancini's Theme from Romeo and Juliet ("A Time for Us")
+Homophonic Example #4 Star Spangled Banner at Super Bowl XXV (Whitney Houston) (start :50)
In-Class Group Project
Example #1
Example #2
Example #3
Example #4
Example #5
Example #6
Example #7
Example #8
Example #9
Example #10 (:30)
_____________________________
Parting Shot--Mr. Bean
___________________________